A short history that explains the issues surrounding the theft of Kosovo.
February 24, 2008, (AP)
BELGRADE, Serbia: Masked rioters torch the U.S. Embassy. Mobs throw U.N. border kiosks into a river. Demonstrators burn American and EU flags.
Serbs are furious at Kosovo’s declaration of independence, and the nationalist-backed government is stoking the flames of a visceral passion for a province where Serbs have long been a minority — but that is seen as the sacred heartland of the Serb nation.
By breaking free, Kosovo has touched several raw nerves in the Serbian psyche.
This war-shattered nation feels it is being unfairly punished for the sins of late strongman Slobodan Milosevic. It is wounded by the loss of yet another big chunk of its territory. Its youths are bitter and restless over the deep poverty brought on by four lost wars.
And now it is faced with the trauma of saying goodbye to what its people are taught to cherish as the cradle of their culture.
The vehemence of the Serb response to the Kosovar declaration may then seem less surprising — perhaps even inevitable — when viewed in this context. And Serb leaders have not hesitated to manipulate the psychological scars to rally the masses for political gain.
Serb unanimity over Kosovo extends even to pro-Western leaning politicians such as President Boris Tadic, who hopes that Serbia might eventually join the European Union.
That unity confounds many Western leaders who argue it is natural Kosovo’s ethnic Albanians should have an independent homeland in a territory where they represent 90 percent of the population — especially since they lost thousands of lives under Milosevic.
But ask just about anyone about giving up Kosovo on the streets of this drab capital and they would fail to understand the Western viewpoint. Serbs overwhelmingly feel it’s like asking an American whether Los Angeles should be ceded to Mexico because many Latinos live there.
In light of other separatist movements around the world, from Spain’s Basque country to Kashmir, the dilemma raises a searing question about whether self-determination is an absolute right when a slice of one nation is overwhelmingly populated by what is otherwise a minority ethnic group.
For Serbs, the answer is easy.
“Kosovo is ours,” said Dragoljub Stojanovic, 61, a retired factory worker from Leskovac. “We can’t give that away.”
To Serbs, Kosovo is the place where Serb identity was forged in 1398, when Serbian Prince Lazar chose to fight against overwhelming odds to stop a Turkish onslaught. Though he lost, the battle helped to stem the Turkish tide — safeguarding Christianity in the rest of Europe.
To mark his sacrifice, the Serbs put down roots in the area, building monasteries, churches and shrines, including the Pec Patriarchy — the ancient seat of the Serbian Orthodox Church — the 13th Century monastery in Gracanica and the Decani monastery, which is on the UNESCO World Heritage list.
The buildings safeguarded a rich culture: Byzantine-style icons painted by ancient masters are protected in the inner walls; the paintings depict the elongated faces of past rulers, saints, the Virgin Mary, Jesus Christ.
For Serbs, these images stir up pride and defiance.
“As long as we exist, Kosovo … is our Jerusalem, and we cannot give it up, just as we cannot give up our soul and our destiny,” Bishop Amfilohije, a church hard-liner, told worshippers at a prayer service Thursday following the Kosovo protest.
Politicians in Serbia have long manipulated the symbol of national identity to suit their own goals. Milosevic famously invoked the specter of an independent Kosovo in a pivotal 1989 speech that marked the rebirth of Serb nationalism after decades in which communist leaders sought to erase ethnic identities. (more…)
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